The lifestyle of nomads is a form of life and livelihood that revolves around raising livestock and adapting to the natural environment. This lifestyle has encountered internal and external challenges and issues throughout various periods. This article examines the challenges of nomadic life in the country using a mixed-methods research approach, which includes gathering data through focus groups and interviews. The analysis is conducted through coding and evaluation using MAXQDA-24 software. The findings revealed that the most significant challenges faced by the nomadic community include production and economic issues, Infrastructure and welfare issues, Social and educational issues, Institutional issues, Health and treatment issues, Security issues and Lastly, climate change. The findings also indicated that in Region One (East Azarbaijan, West Azarbaijan, Ardabil, and Zanjan) face institutional challenges. In Regions Two (Bushehr, Fars, Isfahan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad) and Six (Razavi Khorasan, South Khorasan, North Khorasan, and Golestan), encounter production and economic challenges. Region Three (Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Khuzestan, Lorestan, Ilam, Hamedan, and Kermanshah), is characterized by insecurity and a lack of safety. In Region Four (Sistan and Baluchistan, Kerman, South Kerman, and Hormozgan) face health and medical issues. Finally, in Region Seven (Mazandaran, Gilan, and Qazvin) are confronted with social and educational challenges, which have been identified as the most significant obstacles in the lives of nomads. The main finding of this research indicates that the challenges faced by nomadic communities vary significantly across different regions and provinces. Therefore, it is crucial to develop and allocate programs and resources with a regional planning approach, prioritizing efforts to address these specific challenges effectively.